In South Korea, the escalating issue of fine dust pollution has become a primary environmental and public health concern.
Over recent years, the country has experienced an alarming increase in the frequency and severity of high-concentration fine dust days, often exceeding previous pollution levels. Fine dust, composed of microscopic particles, can easily penetrate the human body through the skin and respiratory system, leading to various health problems.
These particles mainly comprise pollutants like sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and other harmful compounds from industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, and other human activities. The situation has prompted heightened public awareness and a governmental push towards finding viable solutions.
In response to this critical issue, the Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT) has made a significant breakthrough. They have developed an innovative material designed to absorb NOx and SOx gases, which are critical precursors to fine dust.
This new material operates effectively at room temperature, presenting an energy-efficient alternative to traditional methods such as selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and flue gas desulfurisation (FGD), which require high energy and temperatures.
The core of this innovation lies in a ceramic nanocomposite material made of sodium-manganese oxides. It employs a dual mechanism of adsorption and oxidation, effectively trapping and converting SOx and NOx gases into less harmful sulfate and nitrite ions. An added advantage of this material is its regenerative capability, allowing for recycling and repeated use through simple chemical treatments.
Dr Jiyeol Bae, leading the research team at KICT, highlighted the significance of this development: “With the development of this novel nanomaterial, it is now possible to implement a system that can reduce fine-dust precursors from urban environments in an eco-friendly and cost-effective manner. All these efforts will help the general public enjoy clean and healthy air.”
Despite this promising development, there are challenges ahead, including the scalability of production, cost considerations for widespread application, and integration with existing pollution control infrastructures. These challenges are pivotal for transitioning from laboratory success to practical, real-world application. As solutions evolve, the role of innovative companies in the environmental technology sector becomes increasingly vital.
Within this dynamic sector, companies like 4C Air have emerged as key players, focusing on improving air quality. The significance of their work is highlighted by a World Health Organization report, which associates ambient and household air pollution with around seven million premature deaths annually, mainly due to diseases such as stroke, heart disease, and lung cancer.
Molekule is another significant contributor, having attracted over USD 9 million in investment. They specialize in air purifiers using their proprietary Photo Electrochemical Oxidation (PECO) technology, which targets indoor air pollution at the molecular level. Molekule’s range covers spaces from 250 to 1000 square feet. Their user-friendly mobile app not only allows customers to manage their purifier settings but also tracks filter status and automates filter replacement orders. The efforts of companies like 4C Air and Molekule demonstrate the industry’s commitment to developing innovative, practical solutions to combat environmental challenges.
Conclusion
The innovative nanomaterial developed by the Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology marks a significant stride towards combating the escalating fine dust pollution in South Korea. This advancement showcases the potential of cutting-edge scientific research in addressing environmental challenges and sets a precedent for future endeavours in this field.
As the world grapples with similar environmental issues, such breakthroughs offer hope and direction for developing sustainable, efficient solutions. The implications of this technology extend beyond national borders, providing a blueprint for global efforts to improve air quality and public health. Ultimately, this pioneering work could herald a new era of eco-friendly and cost-effective environmental preservation and pollution control approaches.
COMPANIES TO WATCH:
4CAir, Molekule , Daphne Technology, Bergen Carbon Solutions
Author:
Kate Sivess-Symes
Content Producer and Writer
Nano Magazine | The Breakthrough
