Two-component epoxies, which require mixing resin and curing agent before use, often suffer from issues such as mixing ratio errors, limited working times, and inconsistent curing. Additionally, they must be used immediately after mixing, leading to wasted residue.
To address these challenges, one-component epoxies have gained attention. One-component epoxies come pre-mixed, making them easy to use, reducing processing time, and ensuring consistent quality without mixing. In particular, using latent curing agents allows curing to be triggered only under specific conditions (e.g., heat or UV exposure), significantly improving storage stability.
However, conventional one-component epoxies are only stable at room temperature (below 25°C), limiting their storage under high-temperature conditions and making them prone to fire hazards.
Dr. Jaewoo Kim’s research team at the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), in collaboration with Professor Chongmin Koo’s team at Sungkyunkwan University, has developed a solution to overcome these limitations: the “Epoxy/MXene One-Component Solution.”
The work is published in the journal Advanced Materials.
This innovative material consists of epoxy resin, polymeric imidazole-based latent curing agent particles, and a two-dimensional nanomaterial called MXene. By introducing a latent curing agent with suppressed reactivity in both physical and chemical ways, the team achieved storage stability for more than 180 days at a high temperature of 60°C-a remarkable improvement compared to conventional products that maintain stability for only about 40 days at 25°C.
Furthermore, the MXene nanomaterial significantly enhances flame retardancy while also improving electrical conductivity and thermal stability.
The solution also demonstrates outstanding flame-retardant performance. It increases the limiting oxygen index (LOI) by 12% and reduces the peak heat release rate (pHRR) by 85%, achieving the highest V0 flame-retardant rating.
This marks a significant improvement over conventional products, which are prone to fire hazards. Mechanically, the material excels with a 46% improvement in tensile strength and a 158% increase in impact strength, ensuring both stability and durability.
The research team attributes these performance enhancements to the Diels-Alder reaction of the latent curing agent and the catalytic properties of MXene.
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Fabrication of all-in-one epoxy/MXene one-component solution. Credit: Korea Institute of Science and Technology
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All-in-one epoxy/MXene one-component solution: World-class storage stability and flame retardancy. Credit: Korea Institute of Science and Technology
This innovative one-component epoxy shows high potential for applications in adhesives, coatings, and electromagnetic shielding materials. It is particularly promising as a next-generation high-performance composite material for the telecommunications, electronic devices, and construction industries.
The team plans to further leverage MXene’s high electrical conductivity to develop composites with electromagnetic shielding and Joule heating properties. This will enable a broad range of industrial applications and enhance global competitiveness.
Dr. Jaewoo Kim of KIST said, “This technology represents an innovative one-component epoxy that achieves both high-temperature storage stability and flame retardancy, making it highly applicable in industrial settings. Through our collaboration with Sungkyunkwan University, we aim to strengthen global competitiveness.”
Professor Chongmin Koo of Sungkyunkwan University emphasized, “MXene’s unique two-dimensional nanomaterial properties make it versatile for developing composite materials with flame retardancy and thermal stability, highlighting the significance of this research.”
